WPF开发-检测软件的运行环境及运行库下载

前言

WPF开发的基于.NET环境的应用运行时必须要有对应的环境，有时程序还需要VC环境，所以我们可以做一个检测环境的程序。

不要在自己的程序内检测，没有环境我们的程序压根运行不起来，所以我们写的环境监测的程序所依赖的.NET环境一定要尽可能低，保证在Windows上都能运行，我这里基本只考虑Win7以上所以用的.NET3.5版本

环境监测

工具类

using Microsoft.Win32;

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace env_monitor.Utils
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 以下是判断vc++版本函数
    /// </summary>
    public class EnvCheckUtil
    {
        [DllImport("msi.dll")]
        private static extern INSTALLSTATE MsiQueryProductState(string product);

        private enum INSTALLSTATE
        {
            INSTALLSTATE_NOTUSED = -7,  // component disabled
            INSTALLSTATE_BADCONFIG = -6,  // configuration data corrupt
            INSTALLSTATE_INCOMPLETE = -5,  // installation suspended or in progress
            INSTALLSTATE_SOURCEABSENT = -4,  // run from source, source is unavailable
            INSTALLSTATE_MOREDATA = -3,  // return buffer overflow
            INSTALLSTATE_INVALIDARG = -2,  // invalid function argument
            INSTALLSTATE_UNKNOWN = -1,  // unrecognized product or feature
            INSTALLSTATE_BROKEN = 0,  // broken
            INSTALLSTATE_ADVERTISED = 1,  // advertised feature
            INSTALLSTATE_REMOVED = 1,  // component being removed (action state, not settable)
            INSTALLSTATE_ABSENT = 2,  // uninstalled (or action state absent but clients remain)
            INSTALLSTATE_LOCAL = 3,  // installed on local drive
            INSTALLSTATE_SOURCE = 4,  // run from source, CD or net
            INSTALLSTATE_DEFAULT = 5,  // use default, local or source
        }

        public static bool IsInstallVc()
        {
            bool result = false;
            if (MsiQueryProductState("{01FAEC41-B3BC-44F4-B185-5E8475AEB855}") == INSTALLSTATE.INSTALLSTATE_DEFAULT)
                result = true;
            else if (MsiQueryProductState("{77EB1EA9-8E1B-459D-8CDC-1984D0FF15B6}") == INSTALLSTATE.INSTALLSTATE_DEFAULT)
                result = true;
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据名称判断应用是否安装
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="displayName">
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// </returns>
        public static bool IsInstallVcByName(string displayName)
        {
            try
            {
                string bit32 = @"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall";

                RegistryKey localMachine = Registry.LocalMachine;
                RegistryKey unistall = localMachine.OpenSubKey(bit32, true);

                string[] subNames = unistall.GetSubKeyNames();

                foreach (string subkey in subNames)
                {
                    RegistryKey product = unistall.OpenSubKey(subkey);
                    if (product.GetValueNames().Any(n => n == "DisplayName") == true)
                    {
                        object tempDisplayNameObj = product.GetValue("DisplayName");
                        if (tempDisplayNameObj != null)
                        {
                            string tempDisplayName = tempDisplayNameObj.ToString();
                            if (tempDisplayName.Contains(displayName))
                            {
                                return true;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }

            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据名称获取GUID
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="displayName">
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// </returns>
        public static string GetProductGuid(string displayName)
        {
            string productGuid = string.Empty;

            try
            {
                string bit32 = @"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall";

                RegistryKey localMachine = Registry.LocalMachine;
                RegistryKey unistall = localMachine.OpenSubKey(bit32, true);

                string[] subNames = unistall.GetSubKeyNames();

                foreach (string subkey in subNames)
                {
                    RegistryKey product = unistall.OpenSubKey(subkey);
                    if (product.GetValueNames().Any(n => n == "DisplayName") == true)
                    {
                        string tempDisplayName = product.GetValue("DisplayName").ToString();

                        if (tempDisplayName.Contains(displayName) && product.GetValueNames().Any(n => n == "UninstallString"))
                        {
                            string unitstallStr = product.GetValue("UninstallString").ToString();

                            string[] strs = unitstallStr.Split(new char[2] { '{', '}' });
                            if (strs.Length >= 2)
                            {
                                productGuid = strs[1];
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return productGuid;
            }

            return productGuid;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 判断.Net Framework的Version是否符合需要 (.Net Framework 版本在2.0及以上)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="version">
        /// 需要的版本 version = 4.5
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// </returns>
        public static bool IsInstallDotNet(string version)
        {
            string oldname = "0";
            using (RegistryKey ndpKey =
                RegistryKey.OpenRemoteBaseKey(RegistryHive.LocalMachine, "").
                OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\NET Framework Setup\NDP\"))
            {
                foreach (string versionKeyName in ndpKey.GetSubKeyNames())
                {
                    if (versionKeyName.StartsWith("v"))
                    {
                        RegistryKey versionKey = ndpKey.OpenSubKey(versionKeyName);
                        string newname = (string)versionKey.GetValue("Version", "");
                        if (string.Compare(newname, oldname) > 0)
                        {
                            oldname = newname;
                        }
                        if (newname != "")
                        {
                            continue;
                        }
                        foreach (string subKeyName in versionKey.GetSubKeyNames())
                        {
                            RegistryKey subKey = versionKey.OpenSubKey(subKeyName);
                            newname = (string)subKey.GetValue("Version", "");
                            if (string.Compare(newname, oldname) > 0)
                            {
                                oldname = newname;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return string.Compare(oldname, version) > 0 ? true : false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 打开系统软件卸载页面
        /// </summary>
        public static void openAppUninstallPage()
        {
            Process.Start("appwiz.cpl");
        }
    }
}

注意：

IsInstallVc方法中对应的产品ID根据自己实际情况设置，获取方式可以参考这篇文章的第一小节：https://www.psvmc.cn/article/2021-07-17-innosetup-check.html

使用

var isInstallVc = EnvCheckUtil.IsInstallVc();
Console.WriteLine("是否安装VC:" + isInstallVc);

var isInstallNet = EnvCheckUtil.IsInstallDotNet("4.5");
Console.WriteLine("是否安装.Net4.5:" + isInstallNet);

更好的VC检测方式

上面的方式是根据对应的产品ID进行检测，但是VC同样的产品对应的产品ID可能不一样。

下面这种方式根据库的名称进行检测，所以会更好点。

ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(
  s =>
  {
    bool isInstallVC = EnvCheckUtil.IsInstallVcByName("Microsoft Visual C++ 2015-2019 Redistributable (x86)");
    Console.WriteLine("isInstallVC:" + isInstallVC);
    Dispatcher.Invoke(
      new Action(
        () =>
        {
          if (isInstallVC)
          {
          }
          else
          {
          }
        })
    );
  }
);

注意

使用这种方式程序必须要有管理员权限运行，否则会报异常，没有注册表的访问权限。

设置方式可以参考：https://www.psvmc.cn/article/2020-07-31-wpf-run-admin.html

环境库下载

工具类

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;

namespace env_monitor.Utils
{
    internal class FileDownloadUtil
    {
        private Action<long, long, int, string> progressAction = null;
        private Action<string, string> finishAction = null;
        private Action<string, string> errorAction = null;
        private string savepathAll = "";
        private string filetag = "";

        public static string getFilename(string url)
        {
            string filename = "";
            string[] url_arr = url.Split('/');
            if (url_arr.Length > 0)
            {
                filename = url_arr[url_arr.Length - 1];
            }

            return filename;
        }

        public void downfile(
                string url,
                string savepath,
                string filename,
                string filetag,
                Action<long, long, int, string> progressAction,
                Action<string, string> finishAction,
                Action<string, string> errorAction
            )
        {
            this.filetag = filetag;
            this.progressAction = progressAction;
            this.finishAction = finishAction;
            this.errorAction = errorAction;
            if (filename == null || filename == "")
            {
                filename = getFilename(url);
            }

            if (filename == null || filename == "")
            {
                this.errorAction("没有文件名!", this.filetag);
                return;
            }
            savepathAll = Path.Combine(savepath, filename);
            WebClient client = new WebClient();
            client.DownloadFileCompleted += client_DownloadFileCompleted;
            client.DownloadProgressChanged += client_DownloadProgressChanged;
            client.DownloadFileAsync(new Uri(url), savepathAll);
        }

        private void client_DownloadFileCompleted(object sender, AsyncCompletedEventArgs e)
        {
            finishAction(savepathAll, filetag);
        }

        private void client_DownloadProgressChanged(object sender, DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            long Total = e.TotalBytesToReceive;
            long Received = e.BytesReceived;
            int ProgressPercentage = e.ProgressPercentage;
            progressAction(Total, Received, ProgressPercentage, filetag);
        }
    }
}

下载

string mfileurl = "https://xhkjedu.oss-cn-huhehaote.aliyuncs.com/runtime/vc_redist.x86.exe";
string msavepath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);
string mfilename = FileDownloadUtil.getFilename(mfileurl);
string mfiletag = "testfile";
string mfilepathAll = System.IO.Path.Combine(msavepath, mfilename);
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(mfilepathAll);
if (!fi.Exists)
{
  new FileDownloadUtil().downfile(
    mfileurl,
    msavepath,
    mfilename,
    mfiletag,
    (total, receive, progress, tag) =>
    {
      Console.WriteLine(tag + " 下载进度:" + progress);
    },
    (filepathAll, tag) =>
    {
      Console.WriteLine(tag + " 下载完成:" + filepathAll);
      Process.Start(filepathAll);
    },
    (err, tag) =>
    {
      Console.WriteLine(tag + " 下载出错:" + err);
    }
  );
}
else
{
  Console.WriteLine("文件已下载：" + mfilepathAll);
  Process.Start(mfilepathAll);
}

这里提供两个下载地址

VC：https://xhkjedu.oss-cn-huhehaote.aliyuncs.com/runtime/vc_redist.x86.exe

.Net4.5.2：https://xhkjedu.oss-cn-huhehaote.aliyuncs.com/runtime/NDP452-KB2901907-x86-x64-AllOS-ENU.exe

安装

Process pr = new Process();//声明一个进程类对象
pr.StartInfo.FileName = mfilepathAll;
pr.Start();

还可以简单点：Process的静态方法Start();

//filiName 是你要运行的程序名，是物理路径
Process.Start(String  fileName); 
//filiName 是你要运行的程序名，是物理路径;arguments启动改程序时传递的命令行参数
Process.Start(String  fileName,string arguments)

打开系统软件卸载界面

/// <summary>
/// 打开系统软件卸载页面
/// </summary>
public static void openAppUninstallPage()
{
  Process.Start("appwiz.cpl");
}