Linux上安装及配置Yum

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Linux上安装及配置Yum、Yum源

卸载自带的 yum

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rpm -aq | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps

下载及安装

下载

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wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm

安装

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rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ih yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm

注意最后两个安装包一定要一块安装，否则会因为相互依赖而安装失败！

添加阿里yum源

  1. 备份
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mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
  1. 下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/

  • CentOS 7

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    wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

  • CentOS 6

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    wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

  • CentOS 5

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    wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo
  1. 生成缓存
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yum makecache

添加epel源

方式一

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yum list | grep epel-release
yum install -y epel-release

方式二

使用阿里epel源

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wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

添加Nginx源

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rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

添加Mysql源

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wget -i http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

查看添加的yum源

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yum repolist enabled

清除原有缓存

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yum clean all

重建缓存，以提高搜索安装软件的速度

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yum makecache

更新yum源

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yum -y update

其它命令

卸载

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yum -y remove httpd

列出所有已安装的软件包

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yum list installed

列出所有可安装的软件包 

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yum list nginx

列出所有可更新的软件包 

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yum list updates

使用YUM获取软件包信息 

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yum info nginx

列出所有已安装的软件包信息 

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yum info installed

列出所有可更新的软件包信息 

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yum info updates

常用位置

下面软件的安装位置一般为yum安装后的位置

  • 服务位置:/etc/init.d/
  • apache:/etc/httpd/conf/
  • nginx:/etc/nginx/
  • tomcat7:/usr/share/tomcat7
  • mysql:/etc/my.cnf