Jetpack Compose中的基本组件及组件提取

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Jetpack Compose中基本组件及组件提取

前言

除了布局组件外，Jetpack Compose 还提供了一系列其他常用的 UI 组件。

https://developer.android.google.cn/jetpack/compose/components?hl=zh-cn

https://developer.android.google.cn/courses/pathways/compose?hl=zh-cn

占位

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Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(16.dp))

分割线

这个写法已经废弃

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Divider(
    color = Color.Black,
    modifier = Modifier.fillMaxHeight().width(1.dp)
)

新写法

横线

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HorizontalDivider(
    modifier = Modifier.height(1.dp),
    thickness = DividerDefaults.Thickness, color = Color.White
)

渐变色

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HorizontalDivider(
    modifier = Modifier
        .height(0.5.dp)
        .background(
            Brush.horizontalGradient(
                listOf(
                    Color.Red,
                    Color.Blue,
                    Color.Magenta,
                    Color.Green,
                )
            )
        ),
    thickness = DividerDefaults.Thickness,
    color = Color.Transparent
)

纯色

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HorizontalDivider(
    modifier = Modifier
        .height(0.5.dp)
        .background(Color.White),
    thickness = DividerDefaults.Thickness, color = Color.Transparent
)

文本

Text（文本）:

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Text("Hello, World!")

文本居中

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Text(
    text = "A",
    modifier = Modifier
        .background(Color.Red)
        .width(30.dp).height(30.dp)
        .wrapContentSize(Alignment.Center),
    textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
)

设置行数

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Text(
    text = "ABC",
    modifier = Modifier
        .background(Color.Red)
        .width(30.dp).height(30.dp)
        .wrapContentSize(Alignment.Center),
    textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
    maxLines = 1
)

按钮

https://www.psvmc.cn/article/2024-03-13-jetpack-compose-button.html

文本输入

https://www.psvmc.cn/article/2024-03-13-jetpack-compose-textfield.html

图片

https://www.psvmc.cn/article/2024-03-13-jetpack-compose-image.html

加载中动画

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CircularProgressIndicator(modifier = Modifier.size(30.dp))

消息框

Toast

组件化

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import android.annotation.SuppressLint
import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalContext
import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch

@SuppressLint("CoroutineCreationDuringComposition")
@Composable
fun ShowToast(message: String) {
    val context = LocalContext.current
    // 启动一个协程来显示 Toast
    CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main).launch {
        Toast.makeText(context, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
    }
}

调用

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var showToast by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }

if (showToast) {
    ShowToast("哈哈");
}

组件内方法

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val context = LocalContext.current

// 显示 Toast 的函数
fun showToast(message: String) {
    CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main).launch {
        Toast.makeText(context, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
    }
}

Snackbar

基本示例

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@Composable
fun SnackbarExample() {
    var snackbarVisible by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }

    Box {
        Button(onClick = { snackbarVisible = true }) {
            Text("显示 Snackbar")
        }
        if (snackbarVisible) {
            Snackbar(
                content = { Text(text = "文本") },
                action = {
                    Button(onClick = { snackbarVisible = false }) {
                        Text(text = "关闭")
                    }
                }
            )
        }
    }
}

使用snackbarHost

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val scope = rememberCoroutineScope()
val snackbarHostState = remember { SnackbarHostState() }
Scaffold(
    snackbarHost = {
        SnackbarHost(hostState = snackbarHostState)
    },
    floatingActionButton = {

    }
) { contentPadding ->
    Box {
        Button(
            modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp).width(100.dp).height(40.dp),
            shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium,
            onClick = {
                scope.launch {
                    snackbarHostState.showSnackbar("我是提示消息")
                }
            }
        ){
            Text(
                text = "点击",
                fontSize = 16.sp,
                color = Color.White
            )
        }
    }
}

对话框

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Dialog(onDismissRequest = { /* 关闭对话框事件 */ }) {
    Surface(
        modifier = Modifier.size(300.dp),
        shape = RoundedCornerShape(16.dp),
        color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.background
    ) {
        Text("文字")
    }
}

隐藏键盘

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val keyboardController = LocalSoftwareKeyboardController.current

// 在需要隐藏键盘的地方调用这个函数
fun hideKeyboard() {
    keyboardController?.hide()
}

加载网页

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@Composable
fun WebViewContainer(url: String) {
    AndroidView(factory = { context ->
        WebView(context).apply {
            layoutParams = ViewGroup.LayoutParams(
                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT
            )
            webViewClient = WebViewClient()
            loadUrl(url)
        }
    })
}

视频播放器

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import android.net.Uri
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import androidx.compose.ui.viewinterop.AndroidView
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ExoPlayer
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.SimpleExoPlayer
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ui.PlayerView
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.ProgressiveMediaSource
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DefaultDataSourceFactory
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.util.Util

@Composable
fun VideoPlayer(videoUrl: String) {
    val context = LocalContext.current
    val exoPlayer = SimpleExoPlayer.Builder(context).build().apply {
        val dataSourceFactory = DefaultDataSourceFactory(
            context,
            Util.getUserAgent(context, context.getString(R.string.app_name))
        )
        val videoSource = ProgressiveMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory)
            .createMediaSource(Uri.parse(videoUrl))
        prepare(videoSource)
    }
    AndroidView(factory = { ctx ->
        PlayerView(ctx).apply {
            player = exoPlayer
            useController = true
        }
    }, update = { playerView ->
        playerView.player = exoPlayer
    })
}

实战-登录页面

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@OptIn(ExperimentalMaterial3Api::class)
@Composable
fun LoginScreen(onLoginClicked: (String, String) -> Unit) {
    var username by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
    var password by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
    Log.i("LoginScreen", "Username: $username, Password: $password")
    Column(
        modifier = Modifier
            .fillMaxSize()
            .padding(16.dp),
        horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally,
        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.Center
    ) {
        OutlinedTextField(
            value = username,
            onValueChange = { username = it },
            label = { Text("用户名") },
            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()
        )
        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(16.dp))
        OutlinedTextField(
            value = password,
            onValueChange = { password = it },
            label = { Text("密码") },
            visualTransformation = PasswordVisualTransformation(),
            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()
        )
        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(16.dp))
        Button(
            onClick = {
                Log.i("登录点击", "Username: $username, Password: $password")
                onLoginClicked(username, password)
            },
            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()
        ) {
            Text(text = "登录")
        }
    }
}

调用

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LoginScreen { name, pwd ->
   Log.i("LoginScreen", "Username: $name, Password: $pwd")
};

组件提取

因为Compose组件本质都是方法，所以可以使用提取方法来提取组件

快捷键：Ctrl+Alt+M