前言

本文内容主要目的在于测试Ibreoffice转换docx文档失败的原因是否和系统有关，之前我在CentOS上和MacOS上均转换不成功，但是使用一个开源的项目却可以，而他用的就是Ubuntu和Ibreoffice，抱着找到原因的心态在Ubuntu上进行测试。

实验结论

部分文档转换不成功，跟系统没有关系，猜测跟字体有关。

官网:https://zh-cn.libreoffice.org/download/libreoffice/

参数说明:https://help.libreoffice.org/Common/Starting_the_Software_With_Parameters/zh-CN

设置APT源

如果系统为腾讯云或阿里云提供的可跳过

阿里云的源

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echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse" > /etc/apt/sources.list &&\
apt-get clean && apt-get update

如下

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

腾讯云默认的源

1	vi /etc/apt/sources.list

如下为腾讯云默认的源：

deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

更新

1	apt-get clean && apt-get update

安装字体

默认转换中文都会显示方框

在转换中我们会发现转换的pdf和原文档字体是有差异的，是因为系统上没有我们需要的字体，所以我们要安装字体

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apt-get install -y ttf-mscorefonts-installer &&\
apt-get install -y fontconfig &&
apt install xfonts-utils

查看现有字体

fc-list

打开目录

1	cd /usr/share/

我们会看到fonts和fontconfig目录

添加字体

创建目录并进入

1 2	mkdir /usr/share/fonts/chinese cd /usr/share/fonts/chinese

在Windows上找到C://Windows/Fonts下最后几列中文名称的字体都上传到/usr/share/fonts/chinese

设置目录权限

1	chmod -R 755 /usr/share/fonts/chinese

最后一步就是修改字体配置文件了，首先通过编辑器打开配置文件：

1	vi /etc/fonts/fonts.conf

可以看到一个Font list，即字体列表，在这里需要把我们添加的中文字体位置加进去：

1	<dir>/usr/share/fonts/chinese</dir>

最后别忘了刷新内存中的字体缓存，这样就不用reboot重启了：

cd /usr/share/fonts/chinese &&\
mkfontscale &&\
mkfontdir &&\
fc-cache -fv

这样所有的步骤就算完成了，最后再次通过fc-list看一下字体列表：

fc-list

安装Ibreoffice

用APT安装

查看

1	sudo apt-cache search libreoffice

安装

# 卸载原来的
sudo apt remove libreoffice-*
# 安装
sudo apt-get install libreoffice
# 安装中文语言包
sudo apt-get install libreoffice-l10n-zh-cn libreoffice-help-zh-cn

查看版本

1	soffice --version

显示

LibreOffice 6.0.7.3 00m0(Build:3)

查看路径

1	which soffice

显示

/usr/bin/soffice

创建目录

1 2	sudo mkdir /usr/local/office_package cd /usr/local/office_package

转换

1	soffice --headless --convert-to pdf /usr/local/office_package/5.docx --outdir /usr/local/office_package/

注意

libreoffice和openoffice原来是一家，所以早期版本的libreoffice命令和openoffice一样，后来版本的libreoffice就变了

官方下载安装

创建目录

1 2	sudo mkdir /usr/local/office_package cd /usr/local/office_package

下载

1	wget https://mirror-hk.koddos.net/tdf/libreoffice/stable/6.4.4/deb/x86_64/LibreOffice_6.4.4_Linux_x86-64_deb.tar.gz

解压

1 2	cd /usr/local/office_package/ tar -zxvf LibreOffice_6.4.4_Linux_x86-64_deb.tar.gz

安装

1 2	cd /usr/local/office_package/LibreOffice_6.4.4.2_Linux_x86-64_deb/DEBS/ sudo dpkg -i *.deb

下载汉化包

1 2	cd /usr/local/office_package/ wget https://download.nus.edu.sg/mirror/tdf/libreoffice/stable/6.4.4/deb/x86_64/LibreOffice_6.4.4_Linux_x86-64_deb_langpack_zh-CN.tar.gz

解压

1	tar -zxvf LibreOffice_6.4.4_Linux_x86-64_deb_langpack_zh-CN.tar.gz

进入目录安装

1 2	cd /usr/local/office_package/LibreOffice_6.4.4.2_Linux_x86-64_deb_langpack_zh-CN/DEBS/ sudo dpkg -i *.deb

查看版本

1	libreoffice6.4 --version

查看可执行文件位置

1	which libreoffice6.4

卸载

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sudo apt remove -y libreoffice* &&\
sudo apt purge -y libreoffice* &&\
sudo apt -y autoremove

转换测试

下载doc文档

1 2	cd /usr/local/office_package/ wget http://wordupload.xhkjedu.com/resource/0/0.docx

转换参数

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--convert-to pdf:writer_pdf_Export 1.doc
--convert-to "html:XHTML Writer File:UTF8" 1.doc
--convert-to "txt:Text (encoded):UTF8" 1.doc

可以简写为

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--convert-to pdf 1.doc
--convert-to html 1.doc
--convert-to txt 1.doc

docx=>pdf

1	soffice --headless --invisible --convert-to pdf /usr/local/office_package/5.docx --outdir /usr/local/office_package/

或者

1	soffice --headless --invisible --convert-to pdf:writer_pdf_Export /usr/local/office_package/5.docx --outdir /usr/local/office_package/

或者

1 2	soffice -env:UserInstallation=file:///$HOME/.libreoffice-headless/ \ --headless --invisible --convert-to pdf /usr/local/office_package/0.docx --outdir /usr/local/office_package/

我这里直接就成功了

docx=>jpg

1	soffice --headless --invisible --convert-to jpg /usr/local/office_package/0.docx --outdir /usr/local/office_package/

或者

1 2	soffice -env:UserInstallation=file:///$HOME/.libreoffice-headless/ \ --headless --invisible --convert-to jpg /usr/local/office_package/5.docx --outdir /usr/local/office_package/

docx=>html

1 2	soffice -env:UserInstallation=file:///$HOME/.libreoffice-headless/ \ --headless --invisible --convert-to html /usr/local/office_package/5.docx --outdir /usr/local/office_package/

报错解决

问题描述：

Libreoffice发生转换不成功（比如转换wps文件），再做转换就会直接不做任何操作

当你运行其中一个LibreOffice的时候，再运行另外一个Libreoffice转换时，将不做任何操作。

导致这种问题的原因时有转换进程一直在运行，所以我们也可以杀掉进程

top

或者

1	top -bc \|grep soffice.bin

查看卡死的进程杀死即可

1	kill -9 进程id

后端中使用

方式1（使用三方库）

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jodconverter</groupId>
  <artifactId>jodconverter-core</artifactId>
  <version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jodconverter</groupId>
  <artifactId>jodconverter-local</artifactId>
  <version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jodconverter</groupId>
  <artifactId>jodconverter-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  <version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.libreoffice</groupId>
  <artifactId>ridl</artifactId>
  <version>5.4.2</version>
</dependency>

application.properties

jodconverter:
  local:
    enabled: true
    office-home: /opt/libreoffice6.1
    port-numbers: 8100,8101,8102
    max-tasks-per-process: 100

调用

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/doc")
public class LibreOfficeController {
   @Autowired
    private DocumentConverter documentConverter;
    @RequestMapping("/toPdf")
    public void toPdf() throws OfficeException {
     		File wfile = new File("/usr/local/office_package/5.docx");
        File pfile = new File("/usr/local/office_package/5.pdf");
        documentConverter.convert(wfile).to(pfile).execute();
    }
}

方式2（运行命令形式）

/**
    * 利用libreOffice将office文档转换成pdf
    * @param inputFile  目标文件地址
    * @param pdfFile    输出文件夹
    * @return
    */
public static boolean convertOffice2PDF(String inputFile, String pdfFile){
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    String command;
    boolean flag;
    String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
    if (osName.contains("Windows")) {
        command = "cmd /c start soffice --headless --invisible --convert-to pdf " + inputFile + " --outdir " + pdfFile;
    }else {
        command = "soffice  --headless --invisible --convert-to pdf " + inputFile + " --outdir " + pdfFile;
    }
    flag = executeLibreOfficeCommand(command);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    logger.debug("用时:{} ms", end - start);
    return flag;
}


/**
    * 执行command指令
    * @param command
    * @return
    */
public static boolean executeLibreOfficeCommand(String command) {
    logger.info("开始进行转化.......");
    Process process;// Process可以控制该子进程的执行或获取该子进程的信息
    try {
        logger.debug("convertOffice2PDF cmd : {}", command);
        process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);// exec()方法指示Java虚拟机创建一个子进程执行指定的可执行程序，并返回与该子进程对应的Process对象实例。
        // 下面两个可以获取输入输出流
        // InputStream errorStream = process.getErrorStream();
        // InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        logger.error(" convertOffice2PDF {} error", command, e);
        return false;
    }
    int exitStatus = 0;
    try {
        exitStatus = process.waitFor();// 等待子进程完成再往下执行，返回值是子线程执行完毕的返回值,返回0表示正常结束
        // 第二种接受返回值的方法
        int i = process.exitValue(); // 接收执行完毕的返回值
        logger.debug("i----" + i);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        logger.error("InterruptedException  convertOffice2PDF {}", command, e);
        return false;
    }
    if (exitStatus != 0) {
        logger.error("convertOffice2PDF cmd exitStatus {}", exitStatus);
    } else {
        logger.debug("convertOffice2PDF cmd exitStatus {}", exitStatus);
    }
    process.destroy(); // 销毁子进程
    logger.info("转化结束.......");
    return true;
}

方式3

<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.keking</groupId>
    <artifactId>jodconverter-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

结论

字体没有会导致转换后差异
WPS文件无论转为doc或docx都无法转换
图片类型为嵌入型时部分转换图片丢失

安装Openoffice

快捷安装

复制字体到/usr/share/fonts/chinese

字体下载链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1kUNQ1Uqeu0bUczrv25HAEQ 密码: r84g

安装

apt-get install -y locales && apt-get install -y language-pack-zh-hans &&\
localedef -i zh_CN -c -f UTF-8 -A /usr/share/locale/locale.alias zh_CN.UTF-8 && locale-gen zh_CN.UTF-8 &&\
apt-get install -y tzdata && ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime &&\
apt-get install -y libxrender1 &&\
apt-get install -y libxt6 &&\
apt-get install -y libxext-dev &&\
apt-get install -y libfreetype6-dev &&\
apt-get install -y ttf-mscorefonts-installer &&\
apt-get install -y fontconfig &&\
cd /tmp &&\
wget https://kkfileview.keking.cn/server-jre-8u251-linux-x64.tar.gz &&\
tar -zxf /tmp/server-jre-8u251-linux-x64.tar.gz &&\
mv /tmp/jdk1.8.0_251 /usr/local/ &&\
cd /tmp &&\
wget https://kkfileview.keking.cn/Apache_OpenOffice_4.1.6_Linux_x86-64_install-deb_zh-CN.tar.gz -cO openoffice_deb.tar.gz &&\
tar -zxf /tmp/openoffice_deb.tar.gz &&\
cd /tmp/zh-CN/DEBS &&\
dpkg -i *.deb && dpkg -i desktop-integration/openoffice4.1-debian-menus_4.1.6-9790_all.deb &&\
rm -rf /tmp/* && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* &&\
cd /usr/share/fonts/chinese &&\
mkfontscale &&\
mkfontdir &&\
fc-cache -fv

打开文件/etc/profile

1	vi /etc/profile

在profile文件末尾加入：

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export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_251 
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH   
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

配置立即生效

1	source /etc/profile

4.1.7版本安装

2020年6月19日最新版本

wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/openofficeorg.mirror/4.1.7/binaries/zh-CN/Apache_OpenOffice_4.1.7_Linux_x86-64_install-deb_zh-CN.tar.gz &&\
tar -zxf Apache_OpenOffice_4.1.7_Linux_x86-64_install-deb_zh-CN.tar.gz &&\
cd ./zh-CN/DEBS &&\
dpkg -i *.deb && dpkg -i desktop-integration/openoffice4.1-debian-menus_4.1.7-9800_all.deb

运行

1	nohup /opt/openoffice4/program/soffice -headless -accept="socket,host=127.0.0.1,port=8100;urp;" -nofirststartwizard &

加入开机自启动

1	vi /etc/rc.local

添加如下

nohup /opt/openoffice4/program/soffice -headless -accept=”socket,host=127.0.0.1,port=8100;urp;” -nofirststartwizard &

查看进程

1	ps -ef\|grep openoffice

查看安装的包

1	dpkg -l\|grep openoffice

转换

下载地址

https://sourceforge.net/projects/jodconverter/files/JODConverter/

1	java -jar jodconverter-cli-2.2.2.jar /usr/local/office_package/5.docx /usr/local/office_package/5.pdf

卸载

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sudo apt-get remove -y openoffice* &&\
sudo apt purge -y openoffice* &&\
sudo apt -y autoremove

我是码客，我是全栈工程师，我为自己代言。

Ubuntu上部署JobConverter + Ibreoffice环境

前言